✦ AT A GLANCE ✦

الحشر

Al-Hashr

The Exile · 24 verses · medinan · 5 min read

✦ Why this name

The Gathering — al-Hashr, the exile of a tribe from Madinah. Ibn 'Abbas رضي الله عنهما called it "Surat an-Nadir".

✦ When it came

Madinan, after the Banu an-Nadir broke their treaty and were exiled. The surah deals with the property left behind and how it was distributed.

✦ The story

The surah's greatness is not in the campaign it records but in two passages near its end.

The first is about the Ansar of Madinah, who had taken in refugees with nothing: *"They give preference over themselves, even though they are in privation. And whoever is protected from the stinginess of his own soul — it is those who will be successful."* People with little, preferring others to themselves.

The second is the closing three verses, recited by Muslims every morning and evening: *"Had We sent down this Quran upon a mountain, you would have seen it humbled, splitting apart from fear of Allah."* And then the names — He is Allah, other than whom there is no deity, the Sovereign, the Pure, the Source of Peace, the Granter of Security, the Creator, the Fashioner — everything in the heavens and earth exalting Him.

✦ How it unfolds

  1. AYAH 1-10

    The exile

    A treaty broken, the campaign, and how the property was divided — so wealth does not circulate only among the rich.

  2. AYAH 9

    Preferring others

    The Ansar giving priority to refugees despite their own need.

  3. AYAH 11-17

    Hypocrites and their promises

    Support pledged and withdrawn, likened to a devil who says "I am free of you."

  4. AYAH 18-24

    The mountain and the names

    The Quran on a mountain, the call to look at what you sent ahead for tomorrow, and the closing names.

✦ Verses to carry

Sources

Introductions to the surah in Tafsir Ibn Kathir and Mawdudi's Tafhim al-Qur'an; ayah numbering per the Madani mushaf.

Awaiting scholar review — please read alongside a trusted tafsir.