✦ AT A GLANCE ✦

فصلت

Fussilat

Explained in Detail · 54 verses · meccan · 9 min read

✦ Why this name

Explained in Detail — Fussilat, from verse 3: a Book whose verses are clearly detailed. Also called Ha-Mim as-Sajdah.

✦ When it came

Meccan. 'Utbah ibn Rabi'ah came to negotiate with the Prophet ﷺ and was answered with this surah's opening. He went back to the Quraysh visibly shaken and told them to leave the man alone.

✦ The story

The surah's most practical verse is a piece of advice about enemies, and it is unusually specific: *"Repel evil with what is better — and suddenly the one between you and whom there was enmity will become as though he were a devoted friend."* And then, honestly: *"none is granted it except those who are patient, and none is granted it except one of great fortune."*

It also carries the definition of the best possible speech: *"Who is better in speech than one who calls to Allah, does righteousness, and says: I am one of the Muslims."*

And a promise for people under pressure: angels descend on those who say *our Lord is Allah* and then stay upright — *"do not fear, and do not grieve."*

✦ How it unfolds

  1. AYAH 1-12

    A Book detailed

    Verses made clear in Arabic, and hearts that say "our hearts are within coverings."

  2. AYAH 19-24

    Skin as witness

    On the Day when hearing, sight, and skin testify against their owner.

  3. AYAH 30-32

    Stay upright

    Angels descending on those who declared and then stood firm.

  4. AYAH 33-36

    Repel with what is better

    The best speech, the best response to hostility, and the refuge to take when Shaytan provokes.

✦ Verses to carry

Sources

Introductions to the surah in Tafsir Ibn Kathir and Mawdudi's Tafhim al-Qur'an; ayah numbering per the Madani mushaf.

Awaiting scholar review — please read alongside a trusted tafsir.